The straight truth on orthodontic care

Families often are introduced to orthodontic care when children are examined and then referred to an orthodontist by the family dentist. Orthodontics focuses on correcting misaligned jaws and teeth, known as malocclusion. This improves appearance and also is essential for health and proper oral function.

Who needs an orthodontist?

The Cleveland Clinic says a person may have to see an orthodontist if they have crooked, overlapped, twisted, or gapped teeth. Misaligned teeth can have a significant effect on oral health. Teeth that are not straight can increase risk for cavities, gum disease and tooth erosion. While many orthodontic issues are addressed in childhood, adults also can benefit from consultation with an orthodontist. Smile Central Dental says 50 to 70 percent of children and adolescents are expected to need orthodontic treatment. According to Humana, 25 percent of the more than four million Americans wearing braces are adults.

How are misaligned teeth fixed?

Orthodontists employ various techniques to realign teeth. Although braces are the most familiar orthodontic appliances, retainers, clear aligners, elastics, and palate expanders also are used to move the teeth and jaw. Braces and clear aligners gradually shift the teeth into desired positions over time using gentle force. Braces are not removable, while aligners have a series of removable trays that are worn for one or two weeks before switching them out for the next set. Retainers are custom oral appliances designed to keep teeth from drifting out of proper position after braces or aligners are no longer needed. It is essential to wear a retainer religiously to prevent teeth from shifting back into the original position. Palate expanders are used to widen a child's upper jaw while they are still developing. These devices can create some extra space in the mouth without having to remove teeth or undergo other procedures.

When should a child see an orthodontist?

Unless a dentist refers a child earlier, the American Association of Orthodontists says children should have their first orthodontic visit no later than age seven. Most will not need treatment at this age, but it's often good for an early visit to understand if and when orthodontic care may be necessary.

What else can we expect?

In many cases, orthodontic care cannot commence until all permanent teeth are in place. Orthodontists also may recommend having some tooth extractions done prior to braces placement to create more room to shift teeth. Therefore, a visit to an oral surgeon also may be part of a care plan.

Orthodontic care is required for a great number of people to help improve smiles, bites and general health.